Abrasive Wheels

What are the hazards associated with abrasive wheels?

Damaged or improperly maintained abrasive wheels can shatter when run at high or excessive speeds resulting in serious injury or death to workers. In addition, improperly guarded or unguarded abrasive wheels can cause serious injury to employee hands and fingers.

What can I do to protect myself?

Conduct a ring test before mounting and beginning to use an abrasive wheel to determine if it has been damaged and is, therefore, unsafe to use. Make sure that work and tongue guards are properly adjusted and wheel guards are in place. Be sure to wear appropriate personal protective equipment, especially eye and face protection and sturdy gloves, when using abrasive wheel equipment.

What resources are available to assist employers?

Safety and Health Programs

This assessment, personal protective equipment and hazard analysis can be downloaded and customized to fit an individual workplace. Employers are required to perform a workplace hazard analysis to determine what personal protective equipment is necessary to protect employees from continued exposure to identified hazards. Other example safety and health programs are available for employers to download and adapt to their specific conditions. 

Training and Outreach Services

The presentations on machine guarding, hand tools (construction), and personal protective equipment (general industry and construction) can be downloaded and modified to address site-specific conditions and hazards. Other example presentations are available along with pre-recorded webinars which can be accessed at any time. 

In addition, the education, training and technical assistance bureau provides free online safety and health training and outreach services (i.e., speaker's bureau requests, safety booths) upon request. 

Lastly, the NCDOL Library offers free safety and health videos (including streaming video services) and related research assistance on consensus standards (i.e., ANSI, NFPA, NEC).

Safety and Health Topics

Related safety and health topics include machinery and machine guarding, amputations, noise, hazard communication, electrical safety and hand and portable powered tools and can provide additional resource information. 

Consultation Services

Lastly, the consultative services bureau provides free and confidential onsite consultation regarding worksite safety and health hazards.

Which standards apply?

OSH has adopted the following standards which are applicable to abrasive wheels in North Carolina. This is not all inclusive. 

Note: Please also check the standards information and activity webpage to see if there has been any recent or upcoming regulatory activity on this topic. 

Recordkeeping

• Refer to Recording and Reporting

General Industry

• 29 CFR 1910.94 - ventilation
• 29 CFR 1910.133 - eye and face protection
• 29 CFR 1910.138 - hand protection
• 29 CFR 1910.212 - machine guarding, general requirements
• 29 CFR 1910.215 - abrasive wheel machinery
• 29 CFR 1910.304 - wiring design and protection
• 29 CFR 1910.305 - wiring methods, components and equipment for general use
• 29 CFR 1910.1200 - hazard communication

Maritime Industry, Shipyard Employment

• 29 CFR 1915.134 - abrasive wheels
• 29 CFR 1915.153 - eye and face protection
• 29 CFR 1915.157 - hand and body protection

Maritime Industry, Marine Terminals

• 29 CFR 1917.151 - machine guarding

Construction Industry

• 29 CFR 1926.20 – general safety and health provisions
• 29 CFR 1926.21 – safety training and education
• 29 CFR 1926.57 - ventilation, paragraph (f)
• 29 CFR 1926.102 - eye and face protection
• 29 CFR 1926.303 - abrasive wheels and tools

Other Applicable Standards

The Which OSHA Standards Apply webpage can help identify other standards that may also be applicable to your worksite.

Where can I learn more?

Industry Guides

• Industry Guide 48, OSHA Construction Standards Requiring Programs, Inspections, Procedures, Records and/or Training highlights the requirements of standards regarding employee use of abrasive wheel machinery in construction.
• Industry Guide 49 - OSHA General Industry Standards Requiring Programs, Inspections, Procedures, Records and/or Training highlights the requirements of standards regarding employee use of abrasive wheel machinery in general industry.
• Industry Guide 53, OSHA Shipyard Employment Standards Requiring Programs, Inspections, Procedures, Records and/or Training highlights the requirements of standards regarding employee use of abrasive wheel machinery in shipyard employment.
• Industry Guide 54 - OSHA Marine Terminal Standards Requiring Programs, Inspections, Procedures, Records and/or Training highlights the requirements of standards related to abrasive wheel machinery at marine terminals.

Compliance Documents

• Operational Procedure Notice: OPN 149 - Special Emphasis Program for Amputations establishes the OSH Division's enforcement policy for safety and health inspections where employees may be exposed to amputation hazards on machinery due to lack of guarding and/or failure to utilize energy control procedures.

Technical Assistance

Inquiries about workplace safety and health requirements can be submitted to Ask OSH online or by phone at 919-707-7876.