Subpart H - Hazardous Materials

Subpart H provides requirements for compressed gases, flammable liquids, explosives and blasting agents, LP gases, anhydrous ammonia, process safety management of highly hazardous materials, HAZWOPER, and dipping and coating operations.

To learn if subpart H applies to you, go to Does "Subpart H - Hazardous Materials" Apply to You?

Special Requirements

Tab/Accordion Items

Scope: This standard provides requirements pertaining to safety relief devices. 

Special Requirements: Inspections, references other standards

1910.101(a) - Inspection of compressed gas cylinders. Each employer shall determine that compressed gas cylinders under his control are in a safe condition to the extent that this can be determined by visual inspection. Visual and other inspections shall be conducted as prescribed in the Hazardous Materials Regulations of the Department of Transportation (49 CFR parts 171-179 and 14 CFR part 103). Where those regulations are not applicable, visual and other inspections shall be conducted in accordance with Compressed Gas Association Pamphlets C-6-1968 and C-8-1962, which is incorporated by reference as specified in 1910.6 - incorporation by reference.

Scope: This standard provides the requirements pertaining to acetylene including use (i.e., cylinders, filling, piping).

Special Requirements: Demonstrate, references other standards

1910.102(b)(2) - When employers can demonstrate that the facilities, equipment, structures, or installations used to generate acetylene or to charge (fill) acetylene cylinders were installed prior to February 16, 2006, these employers may comply with the provisions of Chapter 7 (“Acetylene Piping”) of NFPA 51A-2001 (“Standard for Acetylene Charging Plants”) (National Fire Protection Association, 2001 ed., 2001).

1910.102(c)(2) - When employers can demonstrate that the facilities, equipment, structures, or installations used to generate acetylene or to charge (fill) of acetylene cylinders were constructed or installed prior to February 16, 2006, these employers may comply with the provisions of NFPA 51A-2001 (“Standard for Acetylene Charging Plants”) (National Fire Protection Association, 2001 ed., 2001).

Scope: This standard provides the requirements pertaining to hydrogen systems. 

Special Requirements: Design, tests, inspections, markings, placards, authorized personnel, qualified person, operating instructions (written), practices, supervision, references other standards

Gaseous hydrogen system is one in which the hydrogen is delivered, stored and discharged in the gaseous form to consumer's piping. The system includes stationary or movable containers, pressure regulators, safety relief devices, manifolds, interconnecting piping and controls. The system terminates at the point where hydrogen at service pressure first enters the consumer's distribution piping.

1910.103(b)(1)(i)(a)(1) - Containers. Designed, constructed, and tested in accordance with appropriate requirements of ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, section VIII - Unfired Pressure Vessels - 1968, which is incorporated by reference as specified in 1910.6 - incorporation by reference.

1910.103(b)(1)(i)(a)(2) - Containers. Designed, constructed, tested and maintained in accordance with U.S. Department of Transportation Specifications and Regulations.

1910.103(b)(1)(i)(c) - Each portable container shall be legibly marked with the name "Hydrogen" in accordance with the marking requirements set forth in 1910.253(b)(1)(ii). Each manifolded hydrogen supply unit shall be legibly marked with the name "Hydrogen" or a legend such as "This unit contains hydrogen."

1910.103(b)(1)(ii)(c) - Safety relief devices or vent piping shall be designed or located so that moisture cannot collect and freeze in a manner which would interfere with proper operation of the device.

1910.103(b)(1)(iv)(b) - Installation of hydrogen systems shall be supervised by personnel familiar with proper practices with reference to their construction and use.

1910.103(b)(1)(v) - Marking. The hydrogen storage location shall be permanently placarded as follows: “HYDROGEN - FLAMMABLE GAS - NO SMOKING - NO OPEN FLAMES,” or equivalent.
 
1910.103(b)(1)(vi) - Testing. After installations, all piping, tubing, and fittings shall be tested and proved hydrogen gas tight at maximum operating pressure.
 
1910.103(b)(2)(i)(a) - Containers. The system shall be located so that it is readily accessible to delivery equipment and to authorized personnel.
 
1910.103(c)(1)(iii) - Marking. Each container shall be legibly marked to indicate “LIQUEFIED HYDROGEN - FLAMMABLE GAS.”
 
1910.103(c)(1)(vii)(a) - After installation, all field-erected piping shall be tested and proved hydrogen gas-tight at operating pressure and temperature.
 
1910.103(c)(1)(vii)(b) - Containers if out of service in excess of 1 year shall be inspected and tested as outlined in (a) of this subdivision. The safety relief devices shall be checked to determine if they are operable and properly set.
 
1910.103(c)(1)(iv)(c) - Safety relief devices or vent piping shall be designed or located so that moisture cannot collect and freeze in a manner which would interfere with proper operation of the device.
 
1910.103(c)(2)(i)(a) - Location of liquefied hydrogen storage. The storage containers shall be located so that they are readily accessible to mobile supply equipment at ground level and to authorized personnel.
 
1910.103(c)(4)(i) - Operating instructions. Written instructions. For installation which require any operation of equipment by the user, legible instructions shall be maintained at operating locations.
 
1910.103(c)(4)(ii) - Attendant. A qualified person shall be in attendance at all times while the mobile hydrogen supply unit is being unloaded.

Scope: This standard applies to the installation of bulk oxygen systems on industrial and institutional consumer premises. This section does not apply to oxygen manufacturing plants or other establishments operated by the oxygen supplier or his agent for the purpose of storing oxygen and refilling portable containers, trailers, mobile supply trucks, or tank cars, nor to systems having capacities less than those stated in paragraph (b)(1) of this section.

Special Requirements: Design, tests, references other standards

1910.104(b)(4)(ii) - Construction - liquid. Liquid oxygen storage containers shall be fabricated from materials meeting the impact test requirements of paragraph UG-84 of ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, section VIII - Unfired Pressure Vessels - 1968, which is incorporated by reference as specified in 1910.6 - incorporation by reference. Containers operating at pressures above 15 pounds per square inch gage (p.s.i.g.) shall be designed, constructed, and tested in accordance with appropriate requirements of ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, section VII - Unfired Pressure Vessels - 1968. Insulation surrounding the liquid oxygen container shall be noncombustible.

A bulk oxygen system is an assembly of equipment, such as oxygen storage containers, pressure regulators, safety devices, vaporizers, manifolds, and interconnecting piping, which has storage capacity of more than 13,000 cubic feet of oxygen, Normal Temperature and Pressure (NTP), connected in service or ready for service, or more than 25,000 cubic feet of oxygen (NTP) including unconnected reserves on hand at the site. The bulk oxygen system terminates at the point where oxygen at service pressure first enters the supply line. The oxygen containers may be stationary or movable, and the oxygen may be stored as gas or liquid.

Scope: This standard applies to the handling, storage, and use of flammable liquids with a flashpoint at or below 199.4 °F (93 °C) unless otherwise noted.

Special Requirements: Certification, qualified observer, calculations, nameplates, printed instructions, safe procedures, operating practices, tests, inspections, responsible charge, notifications, references other standards

1910.106(b)(2)(v)(i) - The flow capacity of tank venting devices 12 inches and smaller in nominal pipe size shall be determined by actual test of each type and size of vent. These flow tests may be conducted by the manufacturer if certified by a qualified impartial observer, or may be conducted by an outside agency. The flow capacity of tank venting devices larger than 12 inches nominal pipe size, including manhole covers with long bolts or equivalent, may be calculated provided that the opening pressure is actually measured, the rating pressure and corresponding free orifice area are stated, the word "calculated" appears on the nameplate, and the computation is based on a flow coefficient of 0.5 applied to the rated orifice area.

1910.106(b)(5)(vi)(v) - Inspections. The Assistant Secretary or his designated representative shall make periodic inspections of all plants where the storage of flammable liquids is such as to require compliance with the foregoing requirements, in order to assure the following:

  • 1910.106(b)(5)(vi)(v)(1) - That all flammable liquid storage tanks are in compliance with these requirements and so maintained.
  • 1910.106(b)(5)(vi)(v)(2) - That detailed printed instructions of what to do in flood emergencies are properly posted.
  • 1910.106(b)(5)(vi)(v)(3) - That station operators and other employees depended upon to carry out such instructions are thoroughly informed as to the location and operation of such valves and other equipment necessary to effect these requirements.

1910.106(c)(1)(i) - Design. The design (including selection of materials) fabrication, assembly, test, and inspection of piping systems containing flammable liquids shall be suitable for the expected working pressures and structural stresses. Conformity with the applicable provisions of Pressure Piping, ASME B31 series and the provisions of this paragraph, shall be considered prima facie evidence of compliance with the foregoing provisions.

1910.106(c)(7) - Testing. All piping before being covered, enclosed, or placed in use shall be hydrostatically tested to 150 percent of the maximum anticipated pressure of the system, or pneumatically tested to 110 percent of the maximum anticipated pressure of the system, but not less than 5 pounds per square inch gage at the highest point of the system. This test shall be maintained for a sufficient time to complete visual inspection of all joints and connections, but for at least 10 minutes.
 
1910.106(e)(5)(v) - Maintenance. All plant fire protection facilities shall be adequately maintained and periodically inspected and tested to make sure they are always in satisfactory operating condition, and they will serve their purpose in time of emergency.
 
1910.106(e)(8) - Repairs to equipment. Hot work, such as welding or cutting operations, use of spark-producing power tools, and chipping operations shall be permitted only under supervision of an individual in responsible charge. The individual in responsible charge shall make an inspection of the area to be sure that it is safe for the work to be done and that safe procedures will be followed for the work specified.
 
1910.106(e)(9)(i) - Housekeeping. General. Maintenance and operating practices shall be in accordance with established procedures which will tend to control leakage and prevent the accidental escape of flammable liquids. Spills shall be cleaned up promptly.
 

1910.106(f)(4)(vii) - Hoses and couplings. All pressure hoses and couplings shall be inspected at intervals appropriate to the service. The hose and couplings shall be tested with the hose extended and using the "inservice maximum operating pressures." Any hose showing material deteriorations, signs of leakage, or weakness in its carcass or at the couplings shall be withdrawn from service and repaired or discarded.

1910.106(f)(4)(viii)(g) - Pipelines on flammable liquids wharves shall be adequately bonded and grounded. If excessive stray currents are encountered, insulating joints shall be installed. Bonding and grounding connections on all pipelines shall be located on wharfside of hose-riser insulating flanges, if used, and shall be accessible for inspection.

1910.106(g)(1)(ii)(b) - Special enclosures. The enclosure shall be substantially liquid and vaportight without backfill. Sides, top, and bottom of the enclosure shall be of reinforced concrete at least 6 inches thick, with openings for inspection through the top only. Tank connections shall be so piped or closed that neither vapors nor liquid can escape into the enclosed space. Means shall be provided whereby portable equipment may be employed to discharge to the outside any liquid or vapors which might accumulate should leakage occur.

1910.106(g)(3)(v)(c) - Pits for subsurface pumps or piping manifolds of submersible pumps shall withstand the external forces to which they may be subjected without damage to the pump, tank, or piping. The pit shall be no larger than necessary for inspection and maintenance and shall be provided with a fitted cover.

1910.106(h)(6)(iii) - Fire control. Alarm systems. An approved means for prompt notification of fire to those within the plant and any public fire department available shall be provided. It may be advisable to connect the plant system with the public system where public fire alarm system is available.

1910.106(h)(6)(iv) - Fire control. Maintenance. All plant fire protection facilities shall be adequately maintained and periodically inspected and tested to make sure they are always in satisfactory operating condition and that they will serve their purpose in time of emergency.

1910.106(h)(7)(ii)(b) - Hot work, such as welding or cutting operations, use of spark-producing power tools, and chipping operations shall be permitted only under supervision of an individual in responsible charge who shall make an inspection of the area to be sure that it is safe for the work to be done and that safe procedures will be followed for the work specified.

Flammable liquid means any liquid having a flashpoint at or below 199.4 °F (93 °C). Flammable liquids are divided into four categories as follows:

  • Category 1 shall include liquids having flashpoints below 73.4 °F (23 °C) and having a boiling point at or below 95 °F (35 °C).
  • Category 2 shall include liquids having flashpoints below 73.4 °F (23 °C) and having a boiling point above 95 °F (35 °C).
  • Category 3 shall include liquids having flashpoints at or above 73.4 °F (23 °C) and at or below 140 °F (60 °C). When a Category 3 liquid with a flashpoint at or above 100 °F (37.8 °C) is heated for use to within 30 °F (16.7 °C) of its flashpoint, it shall be handled in accordance with the requirements for a Category 3 liquid with a flashpoint below 100 °F (37.8 °C).
  • Category 4 shall include liquids having flashpoints above 140 °F (60 °C) and at or below 199.4 °F (93 °C). When a Category 4 flammable liquid is heated for use to within 30 °F (16.7 °C) of its flashpoint, it shall be handled in accordance with the requirements for a Category 3 liquid with a flashpoint at or above 100 °F (37.8 °C). Note: When liquid with a flashpoint greater than 199.4 °F (93 °C) is heated for use to within 30 °F (16.7 °C) of its flashpoint, it shall be handled in accordance with the requirements for a Category 4 flammable liquid.

Scope: This standard provides the requirements for spray finishing operations using flammable and combustible materials. 

Special Requirements: Designs, inspections 

1910.107(b)(5)(i) - The spraying operations except electrostatic spraying operations shall be so designed, installed and maintained that the average air velocity over the open face of the booth (or booth cross section during spraying operations) shall be not less than 100 linear feet per minute. Electrostatic spraying operations may be conducted with an air velocity over the open face of the booth of not less than 60 linear feet per minute, or more, depending on the volume of the finishing material being applied and its flammability and explosion characteristics. Visible gauges or audible alarm or pressure activated devices shall be installed to indicate or insure that the required air velocity is maintained. Filter rolls shall be inspected to insure proper replacement of filter media.
 
1910.107(e)(6)(iii) - All pressure hose and couplings shall be inspected at regular intervals appropriate to this service. The hose and couplings shall be tested with the hose extended, and using the "inservice maximum operating pressures." Any hose showing material deteriorations, signs of leakage, or weakness in its carcass or at the couplings, shall be withdrawn from service and repaired or discarded.
 
Spraying area - Any area in which dangerous quantities of flammable vapors or mists, or combustible residues, dusts, or deposits are present due to the operation of spraying processes.
 

Spray booth - A power-ventilated structure provided to enclose or accommodate a spraying operation to confine and limit the escape of spray, vapor, and residue, and to safely conduct or direct them to an exhaust system.

Scope: This standard provides the requirements for the use, transport, manufacture and storage of explosives and blasting agents.

Special Requirements: Posted signs, manufacturer instructions, markings, placards, instructions, measures, procedures, designated routes, authorized storage areas, warning signals, warning flags, training, maintenance program

1910.109(c)(2)(iii) - Property upon which Class I magazines are located and property where Class II magazines are located outside of buildings shall be posted with signs reading “Explosives - Keep Off.”

1910.109(c)(5)(iv) - Magazine floors shall be regularly swept, kept clean, dry, free of grit, paper, empty used packages, and rubbish. Brooms and other cleaning utensils shall not have any spark-producing metal parts. Sweepings from floors of magazines shall be properly disposed of. Magazine floors stained with nitroglycerin shall be cleaned according to instructions by the manufacturer.

1910.109(c)(5)(v) - When any explosive has deteriorated to an extent that it is in an unstable or dangerous condition, or if nitroglycerin leaks from any explosives, then the person in possession of such explosive shall immediately proceed to destroy such explosive in accordance with the instructions of the manufacturer. Only experienced persons shall be allowed to do the work of destroying explosives.

1910.109(d)(2)(ii) - Every vehicle used for transporting explosives and oxidizing materials listed in paragraph (d)(2)(ii)(a) of this section shall be marked as follows:

  • 1910.109(d)(2)(ii)(a) - Exterior markings or placards required on applicable vehicles shall be as follows for the various classes of commodities:
  • 1910.109(d)(2)(ii)(c) - Such markings or placards shall be displayed at the front, rear, and on each side of the motor vehicle or trailer, or other cargo carrying body while it contains explosives or other dangerous articles of such type and in such quantity as specified in paragraph (d)(2)(ii)(a) of this subdivision. The front marking or placard may be displayed on the front of either the truck, truck body, truck tractor or the trailer.
  • 1910.109(d)(2)(ii)(d) - Any motor vehicle, trailer, or other cargo-carrying body containing more than one kind of explosive as well as an oxidizing material requiring a placard under the provisions of paragraph (d)(2)(ii)(a), the aggregate gross weight of which totals 1,000 pounds or more, shall be marked or placarded "Dangerous" as well as "Explosive A" or "Explosive B" as appropriate. If explosives Class A and explosives Class B are loaded on the same vehicle, the "Explosives B" marking need not be displayed.
  • 1910.109(d)(2)(ii)(e) - In any combination of two or more vehicles containing explosives or other dangerous articles each vehicle shall be marked or placarded as to its contents and in accordance with paragraph (d)(2)(ii)(a) and paragraph (d)(2)(ii)(c) of this subdivision.
1910.109(d)(3)(iii) - Every motor vehicle transporting any quantity of Class A or Class B explosives shall, at all times, be attended by a driver or other attendant of the motor carrier. This attendant shall have been made aware of the class of the explosive material in the vehicle and of its inherent dangers, and shall have been instructed in the measures and procedures to be followed in order to protect the public from those dangers. He shall have been made familiar with the vehicle he is assigned, and shall be trained, supplied with the necessary means, and authorized to move the vehicle when required.
 
1910.109(d)(3)(v) - Vehicles transporting explosives shall avoid congested areas and heavy traffic. Where routes through congested areas have been designated by local authorities such routes shall be followed.
 
1910.109(d)(3)(vi) - Delivery shall only be made to authorized persons and into authorized magazines or authorized temporary storage or handling areas.
 
1910.109(e)(1)(iv) - Persons authorized to prepare explosive charges or conduct blasting operations shall use every reasonable precaution, including but not limited to warning signals, flags, barricades, or woven wire mats to insure the safety of the general public and workmen.
 
1910.109(e)(1)(vii)(b) - The posting of signs warning against the use of mobile radio transmitters on all roads within 350 feet of the blasting operations.
 
1910.109(e)(5) - Warning required. Before a blast is fired, the employer shall require that a loud warning signal be given by the person in charge, who has made certain that all surplus explosives are in a safe place, all persons and vehicles are at a safe distance or under sufficient cover, and that an adequate warning has been given.
 

1910.109(f)(2) - Packing and marking. No person shall deliver any explosive to any carrier unless such explosive conforms in all respects, including marking and packing, to the U.S. Department of Transportation Regulations for the Transportation of Explosives.

1910.109(f)(3) - Marking cars. Every railway car containing explosives which has reached its designation, or is stopped in transit so as no longer to be in interstate commerce, shall have attached to both sides and ends of the car, cards with the words “Explosives - Handle Carefully - Keep Fire Away” in red letters at least 1½ inches high on a white background.

1910.109(g)(3)(iii)(a) - Bulk delivery and mixing vehicles. The operator shall be trained in the safe operation of the vehicle together with its mixing, conveying, and related equipment. The employer shall assure that the operator is familiar with the commodities being delivered and the general procedure for handling emergency situations.
 
1910.109(h)(3)(iv)(b) - Both equipment and handling procedures shall be designed to prevent the introduction of foreign objects or materials.
 
1910.109(h)(3)(v)(b) - A daily visual inspection shall be made of mixing, conveying, and electrical equipment to establish that such equipment is in good operating condition. A program of systematic maintenance shall be conducted on regular schedule.
 

1910.109(h)(4)(ii)(b) - Bulk delivery and mixing vehicles. The operator shall be trained in the safe operation of the vehicle together with its mixing, conveying, and related equipment. He shall be familiar with the commodities being delivered and the general procedure for handling emergency situations.

1910.109(i)(1)(i)(d) - The storage of ammonium nitrate and ammonium nitrate mixtures that are more sensitive than allowed by the "Definition of Test Procedures for Ammonium Nitrate Fertilizer" is prohibited.

1910.109(i)(4)(ii)(c) - The ammonium nitrate storage bins or piles shall be clearly identified by signs reading "Ammonium Nitrate" with letters at least 2 inches high.

Explosive is defined as any chemical compound, mixture, or device, the primary or common purpose of which is to function by explosion, i.e., with substantially instantaneous release of gas and heat, unless such compound, mixture, or device is otherwise specifically classified by the U.S. Department of Transportation; see 49 CFR chapter I. The term "explosives" shall include all material which is classified as Class A, Class B, and Class C explosives by the U.S. Department of Transportation, and includes, but is not limited to dynamite, black powder, pellet powders, initiating explosives, blasting caps, electric blasting caps, safety fuse, fuse lighters, fuse igniters, squibs, cordeau detonant fuse, instantaneous fuse, igniter cord, igniters, small arms ammunition, small arms ammunition primers, smokeless propellant, cartridges for propellant-actuated power devices, and cartridges for industrial guns. Commercial explosives are those explosives which are intended to be used in commercial or industrial operations.

Blasting agent is defined as any material or mixture, consisting of a fuel and oxidizer, intended for blasting, not otherwise classified as an explosive and in which none of the ingredients are classified as an explosive, provided that the finished product, as mixed and packaged for use or shipment, cannot be detonated by means of a No. 8 test blasting cap when unconfined.

Scope: This standard provides the requirements for the storage and handling of liquefied petroleum gases. 

Special Requirements: Design, tests, stamped, markings, instructions, training

1910.110(b)(3)(i) - Containers used with systems embodied in paragraphs (d), (e), (g), and (h) of this section, except as provided in paragraphs (e)(3)(iii) and (g)(2)(i) of this section, shall be designed, constructed, and tested in accordance with the Rules for Construction of Unfired Pressure Vessels, section VIII, Division 1, American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, 1968 edition, which is incorporated by reference as specified in 1910.6 - incorporation by reference.

1910.110(b)(3)(v) - Containers used with systems embodied in paragraphs (b), (d)(3)(iii), and (f) of this section, shall be constructed, tested, and stamped in accordance with DOT specifications effective at the date of their manufacture.

1910.110(b)(5)(i) - Markings on containers. Each container covered in paragraph (b)(3)(i) of this section, except as provided in paragraph (b)(3)(iv) of this section shall be marked [Reference paragraphs (b)(5)(i)(a) - (i)]. 

1910.110(b)(8)(ix) - All piping, tubing, or hose shall be tested after assembly and proved free from leaks at not less than normal operating pressures. After installation, piping and tubing of all domestic and commercial systems shall be tested and proved free of leaks using a manometer or equivalent device that will indicate a drop in pressure. Test shall not be made with a flame.

1910.110(b)(11)(ii)(c) - Vaporizers of less than 1 quart capacity heated by the ground or surrounding air, need not be equipped with safety relief valves provided that adequate tests demonstrate that the assembly is safe without safety relief valves.

1910.110(b)(11)(iii) - Direct gas-fired vaporizers shall be constructed, marked, and installed as follows. [Reference paragraphs 1910.110(b)(11)(iii)(a)(1) - (2)].

1910.110(b)(16) - Instructions. Personnel performing installation, removal, operation, and maintenance work shall be properly trained in such function.

1910.110(c)(5)(ix) - Containers are permitted to be used temporarily in buildings for training purposes related in installation and use of LP-Gas systems, as follows. [Reference paragraphs (c)(5)(ix)(a) - (b)].

1910.110(d)(4)(v)(a) - Vaporizers of less than 1 quart total capacity, heated by the ground or the surrounding air, need not be equipped with safety relief valves provided that adequate tests certified by any of the authorities referred to in paragraph (b)(2) of this section, demonstrate that the assembly is safe without safety relief valves.

1910.110(d)(12)(i) - When standard watch service is provided, it shall be extended to the LP-Gas installation and personnel properly trained.

1910.110(e)(5)(iv)(c) - In the case of containers used solely in farm tractor service, and charged at a point at least 50 feet from any important building, the fixed liquid-level gaging device may be so constructed that the outward flow of container content exceeds that passed by a No. 54 drill size opening, but in no case shall the flow exceed that passed by a No. 31 drill-size opening. An excess flow valve is not required. Fittings equipped with such restricted drill size opening and container on which they are used shall be marked to indicate the size of the opening.

1910.110(e)(8)(iv) - Each vaporizer shall be permanently marked at a visible point. {Reference paragraphs (e)(8)(iv)(a) - (b)].

1910.110(h)(9)(vii) - All piping shall be tested after assembly and proved free from leaks at not less than normal operating pressures.

Scope: This standard provides the requirements for the storage and handling of anhydrous ammonia. 

Special Requirements: Markings, inspections, nameplates, labels, etched, impressed

1910.111(b)(3)(i) - Marking nonrefrigerated containers. System nameplates, when required, shall be permanently attached to the system so as to be readily accessible for inspection and shall include markings as prescribed in subdivision (b)(3)(ii) of this subparagraph.

1910.111(b)(4) - Marking refrigerated containers. Each refrigerated container shall be marked with nameplate on the outer covering in an accessible place as specified in the following. [Reference paragraphs (b)(4)(i) - (viii)].

1910.111(b)(6)(viii) - All excess flow valves shall be plainly and permanently marked with the name or trademark of the manufacturer, the catalog number, and the rated capacity.

1910.111(b)(8)(v) - On all hose one-half inch outside diameter and larger, used for the transfer of anhydrous ammonia liquid or vapor, there shall be etched, cast, or impressed at 5-foot intervals the following information [Reference paragraph (b)(8)(v)].

1910.111(b)(9)(vii) - Each container safety-relief valve used with systems covered by paragraphs (c), (f), (g), and (h) of this section shall be plainly and permanently marked with the symbol “NH3” or “AA”; with the pressure in pounds-per-square-inch gage at which the valve is set to start-to-discharge; with the actual rate of discharge of the valve at its full open position in cubic feet per minute of air at 60 °F. and atmospheric pressure; and with the manufacturer's name and catalog number. Example: “NH3 250-4050 Air” indicates that the valve is suitable for use on an anhydrous ammonia container, is set to start-to-discharge at a pressure of 250 p.s.i.g., and that its rate of discharge at full open position (subdivisions (ii) and (iii) of this subparagraph) is 4,050 cubic feet per minute of air.

1910.111(e)(1) - Systems utilizing portable DOT containers. Conformance. Cylinders shall comply with DOT specifications and shall be maintained, filled, packaged, marked, labeled, and shipped to comply with 49 CFR chapter I and the marking requirements set forth in 1910.253(b)(1)(ii) - oxygen-fuel gas welding and cutting.

1910.111(g)(5) - Marking the container. There shall appear on each side and on the rear end of the container in letters at least 4 inches high, the words, “Caution - Ammonia” or the container shall be marked in accordance with DOT regulations.

Scope: This standard provides the requirements for preventing or minimizing the consequences of catastrophic releases of toxic, reactive, flammable, or explosive chemicals. 

Special Requirements: Information, safety performance and programs, emergency action plan, training (document), evaluations, work practices, documentation, safety rules, inform, explain, instructions, records, procedures (written), inspections (document), advise, reviews, hazard analysis, information, permits (document), updates, incident reports, reviews, audits, agreements, evaluate, prepare, references other standards

1910.119(h)(2) - Employer responsibilities. 

  • 1910.119(h)(2)(i) - The employer, when selecting a contractor, shall obtain and evaluate information regarding the contract employer's safety performance and programs.
  • 1910.119(h)(2)(ii) - The employer shall inform contract employers of the known potential fire, explosion, or toxic release hazards related to the contractor's work and the process.
  • 1910.119(h)(2)(iii) - The employer shall explain to contract employers the applicable provisions of the emergency action plan required by paragraph (n) of this section.
  • 1910.119(h)(2)(iv) - The employer shall develop and implement safe work practices consistent with paragraph (f)(4) of this section, to control the entrance, presence and exit of contract employers and contract employees in covered process areas. 
  • 1910.119(h)(2)(v) - The employer shall periodically evaluate the performance of contract employers in fulfilling their obligations as specified in paragraph (h)(3) of this section. 
  • 1910.119(h)(2)(vi) - The employer shall maintain a contract employee injury and illness log related to the contractor's work in process areas.

1910.119(h)(3) - Contract employer responsibilities. 

  • 1910.119(h)(3)(i) - The contract employer shall assure that each contract employee is trained in the work practices necessary to safely perform his/her job. 
  • 1910.119(h)(3)(ii) - The contract employer shall assure that each contract employee is instructed in the known potential fire, explosion, or toxic release hazards related to his/her job and the process, and the applicable provisions of the emergency action plan. 
  • 1910.119(h)(3)(iii) - The contract employer shall document that each contract employee has received and understood the training required by this paragraph. The contract employer shall prepare a record which contains the identity of the contract employee, the date of training, and the means used to verify that the employee understood the training. 
  • 1910.119(h)(3)(iv) - The contract employer shall assure that each contract employee follows the safety rules of the facility including the safe work practices required by paragraph (f)(4) of this section. 
  • 1910.119(h)(3)(v) - The contract employer shall advise the employer of any unique hazards presented by the contract employer's work, or of any hazards found by the contract employer's work.

1910.119(i)(1) - Pre-startup safety review. The employer shall perform a pre-startup safety review for new facilities and for modified facilities when the modification is significant enough to require a change in the process safety information.

1910.119(i)(2) - The pre-startup safety review shall confirm that prior to the introduction of highly hazardous chemicals to a process:

  • 1910.119(i)(2)(i) - Construction and equipment is in accordance with design specifications;
  • 1910.119(i)(2)(ii) - Safety, operating, maintenance, and emergency procedures are in place and are adequate;
  • 1910.119(i)(2)(iii) - For new facilities, a process hazard analysis has been performed and recommendations have been resolved or implemented before startup; and modified facilities meet the requirements contained in management of change, paragraph (l).
  • 1910.119(i)(2)(iv) - Training of each employee involved in operating a process has been completed.

1910.119(j)(2) - Written procedures. The employer shall establish and implement written procedures to maintain the on-going integrity of process equipment.

1910.119(j)(3) - Training for process maintenance activities. The employer shall train each employee involved in maintaining the on-going integrity of process equipment in an overview of that process and its hazards and in the procedures applicable to the employee's job tasks to assure that the employee can perform the job tasks in a safe manner.

1910.119(j)(4) - Inspection and testing.

  • 1910.119(j)(4)(ii) - Inspection and testing procedures shall follow recognized and generally accepted good engineering practices.
  • 1910.119(j)(4)(iii) - The frequency of inspections and tests of process equipment shall be consistent with applicable manufacturers' recommendations and good engineering practices, and more frequently if determined to be necessary by prior operating experience.
  • 1910.119(j)(4)(iv) - The employer shall document each inspection and test that has been performed on process equipment. The documentation shall identify the date of the inspection or test, the name of the person who performed the inspection or test, the serial number or other identifier of the equipment on which the inspection or test was performed, a description of the inspection or test performed, and the results of the inspection or test.

1910.119(j)(6)(ii) - Appropriate checks and inspections shall be performed to assure that equipment is installed properly and consistent with design specifications and the manufacturer's instructions.

1910.119(k) - Hot work permits

  • 1910.119(k)(1) - The employer shall issue a hot work permit for hot work operations conducted on or near a covered process.
  • 1910.119(k)(2) - The permit shall document that the fire prevention and protection requirements in 29 CFR 1910.252(a) - welding, cutting and brazing, general requirements, have been implemented prior to beginning the hot work operations; it shall indicate the date(s) authorized for hot work; and identify the object on which hot work is to be performed. The permit shall be kept on file until completion of the hot work operations.

1910.119(l)(1) - The employer shall establish and implement written procedures to manage changes (except for "replacements in kind") to process chemicals, technology, equipment, and procedures; and, changes to facilities that affect a covered process.

1910.119(l)(2) - The procedures shall assure that the following considerations are addressed prior to any change. 

1910.119(l)(3) - Employees involved in operating a process and maintenance and contract employees whose job tasks will be affected by a change in the process shall be informed of, and trained in, the change prior to start-up of the process or affected part of the process.

1910.119(l)(4) - If a change covered by this paragraph results in a change in the process safety information required by paragraph (d) of this section, such information shall be updated accordingly.

1910.119(l)(5) - If a change covered by this paragraph results in a change in the operating procedures or practices required by paragraph (f) of this section, such procedures or practices shall be updated accordingly.

1910.119(m)(1) - The employer shall investigate each incident which resulted in, or could reasonably have resulted in a catastrophic release of highly hazardous chemical in the workplace.

1910.119(m)(2) - An incident investigation shall be initiated as promptly as possible, but not later than 48 hours following the incident.

1910.119(m)(3) - An incident investigation team shall be established and consist of at least one person knowledgeable in the process involved, including a contract employee if the incident involved work of the contractor, and other persons with appropriate knowledge and experience to thoroughly investigate and analyze the incident.

1910.119(m)(4) - A report shall be prepared at the conclusion of the investigation which includes at a minimum [Reference paragraphs (m)(4)(i) - (v)].

1910.119(m)(5) - The employer shall establish a system to promptly address and resolve the incident report findings and recommendations. Resolutions and corrective actions shall be documented.

1910.119(m)(6) -  The report shall be reviewed with all affected personnel whose job tasks are relevant to the incident findings including contract employees where applicable.

1910.119(m)(7) - Incident investigation reports shall be retained for five years.

1910.119(n) - Emergency planning and response. The employer shall establish and implement an emergency action plan for the entire plant in accordance with the provisions of 29 CFR 1910.38 - emergency action plans. In addition, the emergency action plan shall include procedures for handling small releases. Employers covered under this standard may also be subject to the hazardous waste and emergency response provisions contained in 29 CFR 1910.120 - hazardous waste operations and emergency response, (a) - clean-up operations, (p)  - treatment, storage and disposal (TSD), and (q) - emergency response operations.

1910.119(o) - Compliance Audits.

  • 1910.119(o)(1) - Employers shall certify that they have evaluated compliance with the provisions of this section at least every three years to verify that the procedures and practices developed under the standard are adequate and are being followed.
  • 1910.119(o)(2) - The compliance audit shall be conducted by at least one person knowledgeable in the process.
  • 1910.119(o)(3) - A report of the findings of the audit shall be developed.
  • 1910.119(o)(4) - The employer shall promptly determine and document an appropriate response to each of the findings of the compliance audit, and document that deficiencies have been corrected.
  • 1910.119(o)(5) - Employers shall retain the two (2) most recent compliance audit reports.

1910.119(p) - Trade secrets.

  • 1910.119(p)(1) - Employers shall make all information necessary to comply with the section available to those persons responsible for compiling the process safety information (required by paragraph (d) of this section), those assisting in the development of the process hazard analysis (required by paragraph (e) of this section), those responsible for developing the operating procedures (required by paragraph (f) of this section), and those involved in incident investigations (required by paragraph (m) of this section), emergency planning and response (paragraph (n) of this section) and compliance audits (paragraph (o) of this section) without regard to possible trade secret status of such information.
  • 1910.119(p)(2) - Nothing in this paragraph shall preclude the employer from requiring the persons to whom the information is made available under paragraph (p)(1) of this section to enter into confidentiality agreements not to disclose the information as set forth in 29 CFR 1910.1200 - hazard communication.
  • 1910.119(p)(3) - Subject to the rules and procedures set forth in 29 CFR 1910.1200(i)(1) through 1910.1200(i)(12), employees and their designated representatives shall have access to trade secret information contained within the process hazard analysis and other documents required to be developed by this standard. 

Highly hazardous chemical means a substance possessing toxic, reactive, flammable, or explosive properties.

Normally unoccupied remote facility means a facility which is operated, maintained or serviced by employees who visit the facility only periodically to check its operation and to perform necessary operating or maintenance tasks. No employees are permanently stationed at the facility. Facilities meeting this definition are not contiguous with, and must be geographically remote from all other buildings, processes or persons.

Process means any activity involving a highly hazardous chemical including any use, storage, manufacturing, handling, or the on-site movement of such chemicals, or combination of these activities. For purposes of this definition, any group of vessels which are interconnected and separate vessels which are located such that a highly hazardous chemical could be involved in a potential release shall be considered a single process.

 

Scope: This standard provides the requirements for clean-up operations by an employer [paragraph (b) - (o)]; treatment, storage and disposal [paragraph (p)]; and emergency response when dealing with hazardous waste [paragraph (q)].

Special Requirements: Safety and health program (written), site safety and health plan, informational program, spill containment program, personal protective equipment program, air monitoring program, site control program, emergency response plan, medical surveillance program, training, inform, procedures, reviews, updates, workplan, organizational structure, engineering controls, plans, briefings, surveys, evaluations, monitoring, information, inform, certification, written certificates, qualifications, techniques, field experience, copies, instructors, alerting, practices, competent, operations, credentials, techniques

1910.120(b)(1)(i) - Employers shall develop and implement a written safety and health program for their employees involved in hazardous waste operations. The program shall be designed to identify, evaluate, and control safety and health hazards, and provide for emergency response for hazardous waste operations.

1910.120(b)(1)(ii) - The written safety and health program shall incorporate the following. [Reference paragraphs (b)(1)(ii)(A) - (G)].

1910.120(b)(1)(iv) - Contractors and sub-contractors. An employer who retains contractor or sub-contractor services for work in hazardous waste operations shall inform those contractors, sub-contractors, or their representatives of the site emergency response procedures and any potential fire, explosion, health, safety or other hazards of the hazardous waste operation that have been identified by the employer, including those identified in the employer's information program.

1910.120(b)(1)(v) - Program availability. The written safety and health program shall be made available to any contractor or subcontractor or their representative who will be involved with the hazardous waste operation; to employees; to employee designated representatives; to OSHA personnel, and to personnel of other Federal, state, or local agencies with regulatory authority over the site.

1910.120(b)(2)(i) - The organizational structure part of the program shall establish the specific chain of command and specify the overall responsibilities of supervisors and employees. It shall include, at a minimum, the following elements. [Reference paragraphs (b)(2)(i)(A) - (D)].

1910.120(b)(2)(ii) - The organizational structure shall be reviewed and updated as necessary to reflect the current status of waste site operations.

1910.120(b)(3) - Comprehensive workplan part of the site program (i.e.; informational programs; medical surveillance program). The comprehensive workplan part of the program shall address the tasks and objectives of the site operations and the logistics and resources required to reach those tasks and objectives. [Reference paragraphs (b)(3)(i) - (vi)].

1910.120(b)(4)(i) - General. The site safety and health plan, which must be kept on site, shall address the safety and health hazards of each phase of site operation and include the requirements and procedures for employee protection.

1910.120(b)(4)(ii) - Elements. The site safety and health plan (i.e.; PPE program; site control program; spill containment program; emergency response plan), as a minimum, shall address the following. [Reference paragraphs (b)(4)(ii)(A) - (J)].

1910.120(b)(4)(iii) - Pre-entry briefing. The site specific safety and health plan shall provide for pre-entry briefings to be held prior to initiating any site activity, and at such other times as necessary to ensure that employees are apprised of the site safety and health plan and that this plan is being followed. The information and data obtained from site characterization and analysis work required in paragraph (c) of this section shall be used to prepare and update the site safety and health plan.

1910.120(b)(4)(iv) - Effectiveness of site safety and health plan. Inspections shall be conducted by the site safety and health supervisor or, in the absence of that individual, another individual who is knowledgeable in occupational safety and health, acting on behalf of the employer as necessary to determine the effectiveness of the site safety and health plan. Any deficiencies in the effectiveness of the site safety and health plan shall be corrected by the employer.

1910.120(c)(1) - General. Hazardous waste sites shall be evaluated in accordance with this paragraph to identify specific site hazards and to determine the appropriate safety and health control procedures needed to protect employees from the identified hazards.

1910.120(c)(2) - Preliminary evaluation. A preliminary evaluation of a site's characteristics shall be performed prior to site entry by a qualified person in order to aid in the selection of appropriate employee protection methods prior to site entry. Immediately after initial site entry, a more detailed evaluation of the site's specific characteristics shall be performed by a qualified person in order to further identify existing site hazards and to further aid in the selection of the appropriate engineering controls and personal protective equipment for the tasks to be performed.

1910.120(c)(3) - Hazard identification. All suspected conditions that may pose inhalation or skin absorption hazards that are immediately dangerous to life or health (IDLH), or other conditions that may cause death or serious harm, shall be identified during the preliminary survey and evaluated during the detailed survey. Examples of such hazards include, but are not limited to, confined space entry, potentially explosive or flammable situations, visible vapor clouds, or areas where biological indicators such as dead animals or vegetation are located.

1910.120(c)(4) - Required information. The following information to the extent available shall be obtained by the employer prior to allowing employees to enter a site. [Reference paragraphs (c)(4)(i) - (viii)].

1910.120(c)(5)(i) - Based upon the results of the preliminary site evaluation, an ensemble of PPE shall be selected and used during initial site entry which will provide protection to a level of exposure below permissible exposure limits and published exposure levels for known or suspected hazardous substances and health hazards, and which will provide protection against other known and suspected hazards identified during the preliminary site evaluation. If there is no permissible exposure limit or published exposure level, the employer may use other published studies and information as a guide to appropriate personal protective equipment.

1910.120(c)(5)(ii) - If positive-pressure self-contained breathing apparatus is not used as part of the entry ensemble, and if respiratory protection is warranted by the potential hazards identified during the preliminary site evaluation, an escape self-contained breathing apparatus of at least five minute's duration shall be carried by employees during initial site entry.

1910.120(c)(5)(iii) - If the preliminary site evaluation does not produce sufficient information to identify the hazards or suspected hazards of the site, an ensemble providing protection equivalent to Level B PPE shall be provided as minimum protection, and direct reading instruments shall be used as appropriate for identifying IDLH conditions. (See appendix B for a description of Level B hazards and the recommendations for Level B protective equipment.)

1910.120(c)(6) - Monitoring. The following monitoring (air monitoring program) shall be conducted during initial site entry when the site evaluation produces information that shows the potential for ionizing radiation or IDLH conditions, or when the site information is not sufficient reasonably to eliminate these possible conditions [Reference paragraphs (c)(6)(i) - (iv)].

1910.120(c)(7) - Risk identification. Once the presence and concentrations of specific hazardous substances and health hazards have been established, the risks associated with these substances shall be identified. Employees who will be working on the site shall be informed of any risks that have been identified. In situations covered by the Hazard Communication Standard, 29 CFR 1910.1200, training required by that standard need not be duplicated.

1910.120(c)(8) - Employee notification. Any information concerning the chemical, physical, and toxicologic properties of each substance known or expected to be present on site that is available to the employer and relevant to the duties an employee is expected to perform shall be made available to the affected employees prior to the commencement of their work activities. The employer may utilize information developed for the hazard communication standard for this purpose.

1910.120(d)(1) - General. Appropriate site control procedures shall be implemented to control employee exposure to hazardous substances before clean-up work begins.

1910.120(d)(2) - Site control program. A site control program for protecting employees which is part of the employer's site safety and health program required in paragraph (b) of this section shall be developed during the planning stages of a hazardous waste clean-up operation and modified as necessary as new information becomes available.

1910.120(d)(3) - Elements of the site control program. The site control program shall, as a minimum, include: A site map; site work zones; the use of a "buddy system"; site communications including alerting means for emergencies; the standard operating procedures or safe work practices; and, identification of the nearest medical assistance. Where these requirements are covered elsewhere they need not be repeated.

1910.120(e)(1)(i) - All employees working on site (such as but not limited to equipment operators, general laborers and others) exposed to hazardous substances, health hazards, or safety hazards and their supervisors and management responsible for the site shall receive training meeting the requirements of this paragraph before they are permitted to engage in hazardous waste operations that could expose them to hazardous substances, safety, or health hazards, and they shall receive review training as specified in this paragraph.

1910.120(e)(1)(ii) - Employees shall not be permitted to participate in or supervise field activities until they have been trained to a level required by their job function and responsibility.
 
1910.120(e)(2) - Elements to be covered. The training shall thoroughly cover the following. [Reference paragraphs (e)(2)(i) - (vii)].
 
1910.120(e)(3)(i) - General site workers (such as equipment operators, general laborers and supervisory personnel) engaged in hazardous substance removal or other activities which expose or potentially expose workers to hazardous substances and health hazards shall receive a minimum of 40 hours of instruction off the site, and a minimum of three days actual field experience under the direct supervision of a trained, experienced supervisor.
 

1910.120(e)(3)(ii) - Workers on site only occasionally for a specific limited task (such as, but not limited to, ground water monitoring, land surveying, or geo-physical surveying) and who are unlikely to be exposed over permissible exposure limits and published exposure limits shall receive a minimum of 24 hours of instruction off the site, and the minimum of one day actual field experience under the direct supervision of a trained, experienced supervisor.

1910.120(e)(3)(iii) - Workers regularly on site who work in areas which have been monitored and fully characterized indicating that exposures are under permissible exposure limits and published exposure limits where respirators are not necessary, and the characterization indicates that there are no health hazards or the possibility of an emergency developing, shall receive a minimum of 24 hours of instruction off the site and the minimum of one day actual field experience under the direct supervision of a trained, experienced supervisor.

1910.120(e)(3)(iv) - Workers with 24 hours of training who are covered by paragraphs (e)(3)(ii) and (e)(3)(iii) of this section, and who become general site workers or who are required to wear respirators, shall have the additional 16 hours and two days of training necessary to total the training specified in paragraph (e)(3)(i).

1910.120(e)(4) - Management and supervisor training. On-site management and supervisors directly responsible for, or who supervise employees engaged in, hazardous waste operations shall receive 40 hours initial training, and three days of supervised field experience (the training may be reduced to 24 hours and one day if the only area of their responsibility is employees covered by paragraphs (e)(3)(ii) and (e)(3)(iii) and at least eight additional hours of specialized training at the time of job assignment on such topics as, but not limited to, the employer's safety and health program and the associated employee training program, personal protective equipment program, spill containment program, and health hazard monitoring procedure and techniques.

1910.120(e)(5) - Qualifications for trainers. Trainers shall be qualified to instruct employees about the subject matter that is being presented in training. Such trainers shall have satisfactorily completed a training program for teaching the subjects they are expected to teach, or they shall have the academic credentials and instructional experience necessary for teaching the subjects. Instructors shall demonstrate competent instructional skills and knowledge of the applicable subject matter.

1910.120(e)(6) - Training certification. Employees and supervisors that have received and successfully completed the training and field experience specified in paragraphs (e)(1) through (e)(4) of this section shall be certified by their instructor or the head instructor and trained supervisor as having successfully completed the necessary training. A written certificate shall be given to each person so certified. Any person who has not been so certified or who does not meet the requirements of paragraph (e)(9) of this section shall be prohibited from engaging in hazardous waste operations.

1910.120(e)(7) - Emergency response. Employees who are engaged in responding to hazardous emergency situations at hazardous waste clean-up sites that may expose them to hazardous substances shall be trained in how to respond to such expected emergencies.

1910.120(e)(8) - Refresher training. Employees specified in paragraph (e)(1) of this section, and managers and supervisors specified in paragraph (e)(4) of this section, shall receive eight hours of refresher training annually on the items specified in paragraph (e)(2) and/or (e)(4) of this section, any critique of incidents that have occurred in the past year that can serve as training examples of related work, and other relevant topics.

1910.120(e)(9) - Equivalent training. Employers who can show by documentation or certification that an employee's work experience and/or training has resulted in training equivalent to that training required in paragraphs (e)(1) through (e)(4) of this section shall not be required to provide the initial training requirements of those paragraphs to such employees and shall provide a copy of the certification or documentation to the employee upon request. However, certified employees or employees with equivalent training new to a site shall receive appropriate, site specific training before site entry and have appropriate supervised field experience at the new site. Equivalent training includes any academic training or the training that existing employees might have already received from actual hazardous waste site work experience.

1910.120(f)(1) - Medical surveillance. General. Employers engaged in operations specified in paragraphs (a)(1)(i) through (a)(1)(iv) of this section and not covered by (a)(2)(iii) exceptions and employers of employees specified in paragraph (q)(9) shall institute a medical surveillance program in accordance with this paragraph.

1910.120(f)(2) - Employees covered. The medical surveillance program shall be instituted by the employer for the following employees [Reference paragraphs (f)(2)(i) - (iv)].

Clean-up operation means an operation where hazardous substances are removed, contained, incinerated, neutralized, stabilized, cleared-up, or in any other manner processed or handled with the ultimate goal of making the site safer for people or the environment.

Emergency response or responding to emergencies means a response effort by employees from outside the immediate release area or by other designated responders (i.e., mutual aid groups, local fire departments, etc.) to an occurrence which results, or is likely to result, in an uncontrolled release of a hazardous substance. Note: Responses to incidental releases of hazardous substances where the substance can be absorbed, neutralized, or otherwise controlled at the time of release by employees in the immediate release area, or by maintenance personnel are not considered to be emergency responses within the scope of this standard. Responses to releases of hazardous substances where there is no potential safety or health hazard (i.e., fire, explosion, or chemical exposure) are not considered to be emergency responses. 

Scope: This standard provides the requirements for dipping and coating operations.

Special Requirements: Alarm system, first aid procedures, physician's approval, inspections, references other standards

1910.124(c)(3) - You must have a system that sounds an alarm and automatically shuts down the operation when the vapor concentration for any substance in the exhaust airstream exceeds 25% of its LFL.

1910.124(e) - What requirements must I follow when an employee enters a dip tank? When an employee enters a dip tank, you must meet the entry requirements of 1910.146, OSHA's standard for Permit-Required Confined Spaces, as applicable.

1910.124(f) - What first-aid procedures must my employees know? Your employees must know the first-aid procedures that are appropriate to the dipping or coating hazards to which they are exposed.

1910.124(h)(1) -  A physician's approval before an employee with a sore, burn, or other skin lesion that requires medical treatment works in a vapor area.

1910.124(j) - What must I do to inspect and maintain my dipping or coating operation? You must:
  • 1910.124(j)(1) - Inspect the hoods and ductwork of the ventilation system for corrosion or damage:

1910.124(j)(3) - Periodically inspect all dipping and coating equipment, including covers, drains, overflow piping, and electrical and fire-extinguishing systems, and promptly correct any deficiencies.

1910.124(j)(4) - Provide mechanical ventilation or respirators (selected and used as specified in 1910.134, OSHA's Respiratory Protection standard) to protect employees in the vapor area from exposure to toxic substances released during welding, burning, or open-flame work.

Scope: This standard provides additional requirements for dipping and coating operations that use flammable liquids.

Special Requirements: Inspections

1910.125(b)(2)(ii) - Piping connections on drains and overflow pipes allow ready access to the interior of the pipe for inspection and cleaning.

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